Article 20:
it grants protection against arbitrary and excessive punishment to an accused person, whether a citizen or a foreigner or a legal person like a company or a corporation. It contains three provisions in that direction:
a. No ex-post facto law.
b. No double jeopardy.
c. No self-incriminating.
Article 21:
declares that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. It has 35 more rights as a part of it.
Article 22:
Protection against arrest and detention. It grants protection to people who are arrested. Detention is of two types, namely, punitive and preventive detention.
Article 23:
Prohibits traffic in human beings, including begar (forced labor) and other similar forms of forced labor.
Article 24:
Prohibits of employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine, or other hazardous activities like construction work, or railway.
Article 25:
All people are equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate any religion.
Article 26:
It guarantees the rights of religious denominations or their sections. Freedom to manage religious affairs.
Article 27:
Freedom from taxation for the promotion of religion.
Article 28:
Freedom from attending religious instruction.Cultural and educational rights.
Article 29:
protection of the interests of minorities It grants protection to both religious minorities as well as linguistic minorities.
Article 30:
Rights of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
Article 31:
Right to property (repealed).
Article 32:
It confers the right to resort to redress for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. Dr. Ambedkar called article 32 the most important article of the Constitution, ” an article without which the Constitution would be a nullity. It is the soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it. ” The Supreme Court can issue the writs under article 32.
Article 33:
empowered Parliament to restrict or abrogate the fundamental rights of the members of armed forces, para-military forces, police forces, intelligence agencies, and analogous forces.
Article 34:
It allows the restriction of fundamental rights while martial law is in force in any area in India.
1 thought on “What fundamental rights do we have as Indian citizens?”